Low-Speed, High-Torque Orbital Motors Operating Principle

It is well known that the orbital hydraulic motor is a motor that converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy. It has the advantages of compact structure, high efficiency, and stable torque, and is widely used in various mechanical industries such as agricultural machinery and construction machinery in hydraulic transmission systems.

The structure of the orbital hydraulic motor mainly consists of cycloidal gears, oil circuit system, drive shaft and output shaft. Among them, the cycloidal gear is the core component of the motor, composed of internal and external gears. There are several tooth slots inside the cycloidal gear. When hydraulic oil enters the tooth slots from the oil circuit system, it can drive the cycloidal gear to rotate.

When the hydraulic oil of the orbital hydraulic motor enters the tooth slots from the oil circuit system, the oil pressure acts on the tooth slots of the cycloidal gear, causing the force direction to change and thus driving the gear to rotate. In the orbital hydraulic motor, the meshing area between the internal and external gears forms a sealed cavity, also known as the working cavity. After the hydraulic oil enters the working cavity, it is forced to push the gears apart by the pressure, creating a high and low pressure difference. At the same time, a sealing line is formed along the outer edge of the gear from the working cavity to the low-pressure area, which is also called the "cycloid" by the orbital hydraulic motor manufacturers. Due to the existence of the sealing line, the hydraulic oil cannot leak from the working cavity to the outside, ensuring the efficient operation of the system.

That is, when high-pressure oil enters the tooth slots, it will push the gear to rotate, generating a thrust. And when the hydraulic oil is discharged from the tooth slots, the gear will be pushed to rotate by the external load, generating a pull. The alternating action of this thrust and pull enables the cycloidal gear to rotate continuously.

The output shaft of the orbital hydraulic motor is connected to the cycloidal gear through the drive shaft. When the cycloidal gear rotates, it will drive the drive shaft to rotate, thereby driving the output shaft to rotate as well. According to the needs, the output shaft can be connected to other mechanical parts to complete specific tasks. In summary, the working principle of the orbital hydraulic motor is: the hydraulic oil enters the tooth slots of the cycloidal gear through the oil circuit system, driving the gear to rotate and generating alternating thrust and pull, ultimately driving the output shaft to rotate. In this way, the conversion of hydraulic energy to mechanical energy is achieved, completing the corresponding tasks.